| 222 | 1 | 3 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
明宪宗成化年间对西番朝贡政策的规范调整是明代历史上的重要事件。由于朝贡政策历经百年,其呈现的问题日渐增多,明宪宗从"冒贡"违制入手,通过定贡期、定人数、定贡道,加大对当地官员随意遣送的惩治,减少对西番僧人的供俸赏赐等措施,使朝贡政策在一定程度上理顺了关系,明确了责任,扭转了"冒贡"违制的局面。从实施效果来看,其采取的措施是及时的和符合当时实际的,成效也是比较显著的。
Abstract：The adjustment of regulation on the Xifan tribute policy during the period of Chenghua under the ruling of Xianzong Emperor was a significant event in the history of Ming Dynasty. Since the policy of paying tribute experienced one hundred years,the problems exposed were increasing. Xianzong Emperor started from the illegal system of"masquerading paying tribute"by taking measures of setting tribute dates,number of people and routes,strengthening the punishment to the local officials who optionally sent people to pay tribute,and reducing rewards to tribute paid by Xifan monks. These measures to some degree rationalized the relationships,manifested the responsibilities,and turned around the situation of "I masquerading paying tribute". From the perspective of implementing effect,taking these measures by the Emperor was timely and suitable for the situations,and the effect was remarkable.
[1](清)张廷玉.明史·本纪宪宗二[M].北京:中华书局,1974:181.
[2][3][19][35](清)张廷玉.明史·西域传二[M].北京:中华书局,1974:8549、8543、8549、8589.
[4][5]明代宗实录[A].明实录藏族史料[Z].拉萨:西藏人民出版社,1982:553、565.
[6][7][9]明英宗实录[A].明实录藏族史料[Z].拉萨:西藏人民出版社,1982:495、397、687.
[8][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][38][39][40][41][42][43]明实录藏族史料[Z].卷150、卷45、卷121、卷203、卷232、卷38、卷40、卷21、卷42、卷39、卷44、卷79、卷105、卷52、卷69、卷59、卷44、卷179、卷198、卷229、卷54、卷78、卷219、卷264、卷50、卷58、卷126、卷150、卷77、卷260.拉萨:西藏人民出版社,1982:722、658、708、751、768、648、651、634、654、649、656、690、703、661、661、657、741、746、765、664、688、758、785、660、668、713、723、687、781.
[33]明世宗实录[A].明实录藏族史料[Z].拉萨:西藏人民出版社,1982:1056.
[34]明神宗实录[A].明实录藏族史料[Z].拉萨:西藏人民出版社,1982:1220.
[36](清)张廷玉.明史·西域传三[M].北京:中华书局,1974:8572.
[37](明)沈德符.万历野获编·释教盛衰[M].北京:中华书局,1959;何孝荣.明代南京寺院研究[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2001:33.
基本信息:
DOI：
中图分类号:K248
引用信息:
[1]喜富裕.论明宪宗成化年间对西番朝贡政策的规范调整[J].西藏研究,2013,No.142(06):7-14.
基金信息: