《西藏研究》汉文版

家庭分工是家庭成员之间的角色定位,是社会分工在家庭层面的表现,也是社会性别分工在家庭层面的折射。在川西北牧区女性个案访谈中发现,藏族妇女是家庭生产的主要承担者,是孩子和老人的主要照料者,是家庭食物和家庭能源的主要准备者,却是家庭资产管理的旁观者。藏族妇女家庭分工决定了妇女与周边的生态环境、生态资源有着完全不同于男性的认知与需求,决定了女性与自然的密切联系。藏族妇女生态资源利用具有家庭院落与近院落特点,是生态资源利用与生态建设的重要力量。结合藏族妇女家庭分工和资源利用特点,建议在生态建设项目、可持续生态资源利用、生态扶贫项目、教育培训以及社会公共管理等领域引入性别意识,提升藏族妇女参与生态建设与保护的能力。

Household labor division manifests the role of family members. It is a reflection of social division of labor and gender vision at household level. We have noticed that female undertook the major responsibilities of household productivity according to our previous interviews among the Tibetan women in the western Sichuan's pastoral area. The female members were also responsible for taking care of elderly and children and preparing food and energy for the households. However,the female members were viewed as bystanders when it came to asset management issues. The labor division determined that the female members had different recognition and demands than male members towards peripheral ecological environment and nature resources,and it also determined the close connection between women and nature. Tibetan woman preferred utilizing resources of close reach and should be viewed as a potent force of enhancing ecological construction. On the basis of characteristics of Tibetan women's labor division and utilizing resources,this paper proposed that gender consciousness should be considered and underscored in the fields of ecological construction,sustainable use of nature resources,poverty alleviation through eco-construction,educational programs,public management. Further participation of Tibetan women are essential to enhance ecological construction.